Other Information Sources on Biosecurity:

• The APHIS fact sheet “Routine Biosecurity Measures for On-site Farm Visits or Other Livestock Concentration Points” (www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/fmd/fmdbiose.html).

• Institutions of higher education (e.g., Purdue University’s National Biosecurity Resource Center for Animal Health Emergencies; www.biosecuritycenter.org.)

• State agricultural extension services. Examples of available information include the Ohio State University Extension fact sheets entitled, “Biosecurity for Youth Livestock Exhibitors,” “Biosecurity Fundamentals for Extension Personnel,” “Disinfection in On-Farm Biosecurity Procedures,” and “On-Farm Biosecurity: Traffic Control and Sanitation” (www.ohioline.osu.edu).

• The Web sites of the agricultural ministries or departments of other countries. Examples are seen in the Web sites of the United Kingdom’s Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (www.defra.gov.uk) (click on “Animal Health and Welfare” and then on “Biosecurity and Farm Visits”) and of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (www.inspection.gc.ca; click on “English,” “Foot and Mouth Disease,” and “Farm Biosecurity…A Common Sense Guide.”

Suggested APHIS Action Items:

1. Prepare and distribute “barn cards” for lay employees. These are concise cards with clinical signs, reporting systems, and phone numbers.
2. Prepare, for distribution to the public, information addressing the concern of “what will happen if I report?”
3. Prepare information to distribute to private practitioners, including reportable clinical signs and reporting contact numbers.
4. Create alert posters for livestock markets, slaughterhouses, buying stations, and feed stores.
5. Prepare signs that can be posted at entrances to operations in case of red alerts.

Protecting Our Livestock and Poultry Industries

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service,

Veterinary Services

March 2003

An outbreak of a foreign animal disease in the United States could seriously damage the domestic livestock and poultry industries.  For example, eradication of a highly pathogenic avian influenza in the United States, following an outbreak in 1983-84, resulted in the destruction of more than 17 million birds and cost taxpayers nearly $65 million.

Keeping these serious animal diseases out of the United States is the responsibility of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service’s (APHIS) Veterinary Services (VS) unit.  Within VS, the Emergency Programs (EP) staff provides expertise on exotic animal diseases, ensures adequate disease surveillance within the United States, maintains a high level of emergency preparedness, and provides the needed resources to respond to and eliminate disease outbreaks in the United States and its territories.

In order to effectively protect against such outbreaks, EP needs the help of veterinarians, livestock producers, and State and local governments

IMMEDIATELY contact your Area Veterinarian in Charge or your State Veterinarian (contact information is attached), if you notice any of the following symptoms:

Poultry

Respiratory: sneezing, gasping for air, nasal discharge, coughing;

Digestive: greenish, watery diarrhea;

Nervous: depression, muscular tremors, drooping wings, twisting of head and neck, circling, paralysis;

Partial to complete drop in egg production;

Production of thin-shelled eggs;

Swelling of the tissues around the eyes and in the neck;

Sudden death;

Increased death loss in a flock.

Ruminants

Rising temperatures;

Ruptured vesicles (either clear or cloudy fluid discharge);

Sticky, foamy, stringy saliva;

Reduced feed consumption (perhaps because of painful tongue and mouth lesions);

Lameness with reluctance to move;

Abortions;

Abrupt drop in milk flow;

Low conception rates.

Equine

Fever;

Muscle tremors;

Respiratory distress;

Convulsions;

Sudden death.

Cervids (Deer/Elk)

Weight loss;

Behavioral changes;

Listlessness;

Lowering of head;

Blank facial expression;

Repetitive walking in set patterns.

Additional Information

For additional fact sheets, brochures, and publications on biosecurity, please refer to the following websites:

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahanthrax.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahfmfair.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahend.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahlpai.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahavianflu.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahbse.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahfmd.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahvs.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_ahcwd.html

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/pubs/poultlea.pdf

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/pubs/gnposter.gif

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/pubs/hpds.gif

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/cahm/Dairy_Cattle/BAHMBiosecur.pdf

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/cahm/Dairy_Cattle/BAHMDairy.pdf

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/cahm/Dairy_Cattle/BAMNDair.pdf

For more information on how to protect your livestock and poultry from dangerous foreign animal diseases, contact:

U.S. Department of Agriculture
APHIS, VS, National Animal Health Programs
4700 River Road, Unit 33
Riverdale, MD 20737-1231
Telephone (301) 734-8093, Fax (301) 734-8818, or visit our Web site at http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326–W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (202)720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

STATE VETERINARIANS

Dr. Anthony G. Frazier, Alabama State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 334/240-7255 Fax No: 334/240-7198 Dr. Richard D. Willer, Arizona State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 602/542-4293 Fax No: 602/542-4290 Dr. Richard E. Breitmeyer, California State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 916/654-0881 Fax No: 916/653-4249 Dr. Mary Lis, Connecticut State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 860/713-2505 Fax No: 860/713-2515 Dr. Jim Foppoli, Hawaii State Veterinarian & Division Administrator Office Telephone No: 808/483-7111 Fax Number 808/483-7110 Dr. Richard D. Hull, Illinois State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 217/782-4944 Fax No: 217/524-7702 Dr. John Schiltz, Iowa State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 515/281-5305 Fax No: 515/281-4282 Dr. Donald L. Notter, Kentucky State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 502/564-3956 Fax No: 502/564-7852 Dr. Donald Hoenig, Maine State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 207/287-3701 Fax No: 207/287-7548 Dr. Robert Gerlach, Alaska State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 907/745-3236 Fax No: 907/745-8125

Dr. Conley Byrd, Arkansas State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 501/907-2400 Fax No: 501/907-2425 Dr. Wayne E. Cunningham, Colorado State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 303/239-4161 Fax No: 303/239-4164 Dr. H. Wesley Towers, Jr., Delaware State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 302/739-4811 Fax No: 302/697-4451 Dr. Lee M.Myers, Georgia State Veterinarian/AssistantCommissioner of Animal Ind. Office Telephone No: 404/656-3671 Fax No: 404/657-1357 Dr. Dan Crowell, Acting Idaho State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 208/332-8540 Fax No: 208/334-4062 Dr. Bret D. Marsh, Indiana State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 317/227-0300 Fax No: 317/227-0330 Mr. George Teagarden, Kansas State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 785/296-2326 Fax No: 785/296-1765 Dr. Maxwell A. Lea, Jr., Louisiana State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 225/925-3980 Fax No: 225/925-4103 Dr. James Fearer, Acting Maryland State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 301/334-2185 Fax No: 301/334-5967

Dr. David M. Sherman, Massachusetts State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 617/626-1790 Fax No: 617/626-1850 Dr. Taylor Woods, Missouri State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 573/751-3377 Fax No: 573/751-6919 Dr. Larry L. Williams, Nebraska State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 402/471-2351 Fax No: 402/471-3252 Dr. Clifford W. McGinnis, New Hampshire State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 603/271-2404 Fax No: 603/271-1109 Dr. Steven R. England, New Mexico State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 505/841-6161 Fax No: 505/841-6160 Dr. David T. Marshall, North Carolina State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 919/733-7601 Fax No: 919/733-2277 Dr. R. David Glauer, Ohio State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 614/728-6220 Fax No: 614/728-6310 Dr. Andrew A. Clark, Oregon State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 503/986-4680 Fax No: 503/986-4734 Dr. Joan Arnoldi, Michigan State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 517/373-1077 Fax No: 517/373-6015

Dr. James A. Watson, Mississippi State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 601/359-1170 Fax No: 601/359-1177 Dr. Arnold A. Gertonson, Montana State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 406/444-2043 Fax No: 406/444-1929 Dr. David Thain, Nevada State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 775/688-1180 Fax No: 775/688-1178 Dr. Nancy Halpern, New Jersey State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 609/292-3965 Fax No: 609/777-8395 Dr. John P. Huntley, New York State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 518/457-3502 Fax No: 518/485-7773 Dr. Larry A. Schuler, North Dakota State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 701/328-2655 Fax No: 701/328-4567 Dr. Burke L. Healey, Oklahoma State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 405/521-3891 Fax No: 405/521-4912 Dr. John E. Enck, Jr., Pennsylvania State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 717/783-5301 Fax No: 717/787-2387

Dr. Christofer Hannafin, Rhode Island State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 401/222-2781 ext. 4503 Fax No: 401/277-6047 Dr. Sam D. Holland, South Dakota State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 605/773-3321 Fax No: 605/773-5459 Dr. Bob Hillman, Executive Director and Texas State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 512/719-0700 Fax No: 512/719-0719 Vacant, Vermont State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 802/828-2421 Fax No: 802/828-5983 Dr. Robert W. Mead, Washington State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 360/902-1878 Fax No: 360/902-2087 Dr. Robert Ehlenfeldt, Acting Wisconsin State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 608/224-4872 Fax No: 608/224-4871

Dr. John A. Caver, South Carolina State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 803/788-2260 Fax No: 803/788-8058 Dr. Ronald B. Wilson, Tennessee State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 615/837-5120 Fax No: 615/837-5335 Dr. Michael R. Marshall, Utah State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 801/538-7160 Fax No: 801/538-7169 Dr. William M. Sims, Jr., Virginia State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 804/786-2481 Fax No: 804/371-2380 Dr. Joe Starcher, West Virginia State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 304/558-2214 Fax No: 304/558-2231 Dr. Jim Logan, Wyoming State Veterinarian Office Telephone No: 307/777-6443 Fax No: 307/777-6561

VS AVIC CONTACT LIST: WESTERN REGION

FIRST NAME	LAST NAME	STATE	Title	OFFICE No	FAX No
Hortentia	Harris	Arizona	AVIC	480-491-1002	480-491-1895
Paul	Ugstad	California / Nevada	AVIC	916-857-6170	916-857-6196
Grandville	Richey	California / LA	Asst. AVIC	310-725-1970	310-725-9119
Jerry	Diemer	Colorado	AVIC	303-231-5385	303-231-5390
Cynthia	Gaborick	Idaho	AVIC	208-378-5631	208-378-5637
Kevin	Petersburg	Iowa	AVIC	515-284-4140	515-284-4156
Kevin	Varner	Kansas	AVIC	785-235-2365	785-235-1464
Joel	Goldman	Louisiana	AVIC	225-389-0436	225-389-0524
Robert	Fisher	Missouri	AVIC	573-636-3116	573-636-4384
Wilbert	Clark	Montana	AVIC	406-449-5407	406-449-5439
Kathleen	Akin	Nebraska	AVIC	402-434-2300	402-434-2330
Michael	Greenlee	New Mexico	AVIC	505-761-3160	505-761-3176
Larry	White	North Dakota	AVIC	701-250-4210/11	701-250-4471
Brian	Espe	Oklahoma	AVIC	405-427-9413	405-427-9451
Don	Herriott	Oregon	AVIC	503-399-5871	503-399-5607
Lynn	Tesar	South Dakota	AVIC	605-224-6186/87	605-224-8451
Richard	Ferris	Texas	AVIC	512-916-5551 thru 57	512-916-5197
Robert	DeCarolis	Utah	AVIC	801-524-5010	801-524-6898
Linda	Carpenter	Washington Alaska Hawaii	Acting AVIC	360-753-9430	360-753-9585
Bret	Combs	Wyoming	AVIC	307-772-2186	307-772-2592

VS AVIC CONTACT LIST: EASTERN REGION

FIRST NAME	LAST NAME	STATE	TITLE	OFFICE No	FAX No
Owen	Hester